Glossary
Abstract of TitleA summary of all official records and recorded documents affecting the title to a piece of real property. AcquittalThe legal certification of the innocence of a person who has been charge with a crime. AffidavitA written statement under Oath. AlienForeign born persons who have not been naturalized to become U.S. citizens under federal law and the Constitution. The federal immigration laws determine whether a person is an alien. Generally, a person born in a foreign country is an alien, but a child born in a foreign nation to parents who are U.S. citizens is a U.S. citizen. AppealAsk a higher court to review a previous court's decision. ArbitrationThe hearing of a dispute by an impartial third person or persons (chosen by the parties), whose award the parties agree to accept. Arraignment CourtCourt appearance where the accused pleads guilty or not guilty. The legal way to have a child become a family member with rights of inheritance. Administrative LawThe body of rules, regulations, orders and decisions created by administrative agencies or government. Admiralty Law (or Maritime Law)That system of law which relates to the affairs of the sea, such as seamen, ships, shipping, navigation and the like. The branch of international law that deals with territorial and international waters or with shipping or with ocean fishery etc. Activities which occur at sea, including on small boats and ships. Agency LawLaw which is concerned with any "principal"-"agent" relationship; a relationship in which one person has legal authority to act for another. Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)Procedures for settling disputes by means other than litigation e.g., by Arbitration, mediation, or mini trials. Such procedures, which are usually less costly and more expeditious than litigation, are increasingly being used in commercial and labor disputes, divorce actions , in resolving motor vehicle and Medical Malpractice tort claims, and in other disputes that would likely otherwise involve court litigation. American Bar Association (ABA)A nationwide organization to which qualified attorneys voluntarily belong. With over 400,000 members the ABA is the largest voluntary professional organization in the world. Antitrust LawArea of law intended to promote free competition in the market place by outlawing monopolies. Appellate PracticeLaw after a judgment is rendered by a trial judge or jury, the losing party has the right to have the decision reviewed by a higher court. Refers to the procedure of conducting an appeal, whereby a court decision is appealed to a higher court. Aviation LawThe branch of law that concerns flights, air travel, and associated legal and business concerns. It governs the operation of aircraft and the maintenance of aviation facilities.
A situation which occurs when you can not pay your bills. Handled in the United States Bankruptcy Court. BequeathTo give a gift to someone through a will. BreachThe breaking or violating of a law, right, or duty either by commission or by omission. BriefA written document by the opposing attorneys that outlines and supports their case. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF)A law enforcement agency in the United States department of Justice that protect our communities from violent criminal, criminal organizations, trafficking of firearms, the illegal use and storage of explosives, acts of arson and bombings, acts of terrorism and the illegal diversion of alcohol and tobacco products. Business Law (Commercial Law)The body of rules applied to commercial transactions.
Capital CrimeA crime punishable by death. Is a road traffic incident which usually involves at least one road vehicle being in collision with, either another vehicle, another road user, or a stationary roadside object and which may result in injury or property damage. Case LawLaw based on judicial decision and precedent rather than on statutes. Cause of ActionThe fact or combination of facts that gives a person the right to seek judicial redress or relief against another. Also, the legal theory forming the basis of a lawsuit. The cause of action is the heart of the complaint, which is the pleading that initiates a lawsuit. Without an adequately stated cause of action the plaintiffís case can be dismissed at the outset. Certified Elder Law Attorney (CELA)Is a certification program that helps the public identify attorneys with an enhanced level of skill in meeting an elderly person's legal needs. The program has helped elder law gain recognition and acceptance with the bar and the public as a recognized legal speciality. Circumstantial EvidenceAll evidence except eyewitness testimony. A payment that a non-custodial parent makes as a contribution to the costs of raising her or his child. Civil LawThe body of laws of a state or nation dealing with the rights of private citizens. Class Action Litigation/Mass Tort LitigationA lawsuit filed or defended by an individual or small group acting on behalf of a large group. CodicilAn amendment to a will. Cohabitation AgreementA agreement reached between couple who have chosen to live together. Collection of DebtCollection from someone who owes you money. ComplainantThe party who complains or sues and applies to the court for legal action. Computer LawA body of law arising out of special conditions relating to the use of computers, as in computer copyright and computer crime. Used when one party of the other has failed to follow the order of the Court, used frequently in post decree of divorce enforcement. Consumer LawBody of law dealing with issues arising from retail transactions involving one or more persons acting as individuals or as a family. Federal and state statutes governing sales and credit practices involving consumer goods. Consumer Protection Lawsare federal and state statutes governing sales and credit practices involving consumer goods. Consumer RightsGenerally accepted consumer rights are as follows: right to safety, protection from hazardous goods, right to be informed including availability of information required for weighing alternatives and protection from false and misleading claims in advertising and label practices. The right to choose from competing goods and services that offer alternatives in terms of price, quality and service. Right to be heard which is the assurance that the government will take full cognizance of the concerns of consumers and will act. Contempt of CourtWillful disobedience of a judge's command or of an official court order. An act of deliberate disobedience or disregard for the laws, regulations , or decorum of a public authority, such as a court or legislative body. An agreement with specific terms between two or more persons or entities in which there is a promise to do something in return for a valuable benefit known as consideration. Contract LawThat branch of law that studies the rights and obligations of parties entering into contracts. The process by which the meaning of an ambiguous provision of a statue, written document or oral agreement is determined. A judge usually makes a construction of an unclear term in a document at issue in a case that involves a dispute as to its legal significance. CopyrightIs a form of protection provided by the laws of the laws of the United States to authors of "original works of authorship". It is the exclusive right to make copies, license, and otherwise exploit a literary, musical,or artistic work, whether printed, audio, video, etc. Works granted such right by law on or after January 1, 1978, are protested for the lifetime of the author or creator and for a period of 50 years after his or her death. Copyright LawA body of law related to copyright. Corporate LawArea of law that deals with the formation and operations of corporations and is related to commercial and contract law. Is a legal entity created through the laws of its state of incorporation, treating a corporation as a legal "person" that has standing to sue and be sued, distinct from its stockholders. A corporation has perpetual life until it has been dissolved. The dissolution of a corporation is regulated by state laws. BLack's Law Dictionary defines a corporation as "an association of shareholders created under law and regarded as an artificial person by courts having a legal entity entirely separate and distinct from the individuals who compose it, with the capacity of continuous existence or succession". Criminal LawGenerally refers to substantive criminal laws. Substantive criminal laws define crimes and may establish punishments. Crimes are usually categorized as felonies or misdemeanors based on their nature and the maximum punishment that can be imposed. Criminal ProcedureDescribes the process through which the criminal laws are enforced. Customary LawTraditional common rule or practice that has become an intrinsic part of the accepted and expected conduct in a community, profession, or trade and is treated as a legal requirement. Cyber Law(or Internet law) is a term that covers all the legal issues related to use of the internet.
The state of owing money. DefamationAn act of communication that causes someone to be shamed, ridiculed, held in contempt, lowered in the estimation of the community or to lose employment status or earnings or otherwise suffer a damaged reputation. Libel and slander are defamation. Defamation is primarily governed by state law. Default JudgementA judgment entered against a party who fails to appear in court or reply to the charges. DefendantA person defending or denying a suit. The removal or sending back of an alien to the country from which he or she came from. DepositionTestimony of a witness or a party taken under oath outside the courtroom that becomes a part of the court's file. DispossessoryUsually this action is caused by the renter failing to make rental payments on time. Is a divorce that both parties agree on all aspects of the divorce. Usually there are no children and no property to divide. Divorce - ContestedA divorce that has areas of disagreement; property, custody, child support etc. Drug Control Law (Drug Prohibition Law)Prohibition based law by which governments prohibit the production, supply and possession of substances which are recognized as drugs. Is driving under the influence (of alcohol or drugs): often used as an official police abbreviation. Commonly called ìdrunk driving,î it refers to operating a motor vehicle while oneís blood alcohol content is above the legal limit set by statue, which supposedly is the level, which a person cannot drive safely. State statues vary as to what that level is, but it ranges from .08 to.10. Driving on private property such as a parking lot is no defense, but sitting in a non-moving vehicle without the ignition on probably is (sometimes resulting in a charge of ìdrunk in and about a vehicleî). This is a misdemeanor and is variously referred to as DUI, driving while intoxicated (DWI), drunk driving, or a ìdeuceî.
Ejectment ActionIs a legal process by which a landlord or owner of land may seek the eviction of his or her tenant. A specialty in legal practice, covering estate planning, wills, trusts, arrangement for care, social security and retirement benefits, protection against elder abuse and other concerns of older people. EmbezzlementThe fraudulent taking, by a person for his own use or benefit, money or property entrusted to him by another. An EAD card, known popularly as a ìwork permitî, is a document that provides its holder a legal right to work in the united States of America. It should not be confused with the green card. Employment LawThe body of law that governs the employer-employee relationship including individual employment contracts. It is a broad area that controls how employers must treat employees, former employees and applicant for employment that includes all areas of the relationship except negotiation and the collective bargaining process. EntrapmentThe act of inducing a person to commit a crime so that a criminal charge will be brought against him. EscrowMoney or a written instrument such as a deed that, by agreement between two parties, is held by a neutral third party (held in escrow) until all conditions of the agreement are met. EstateThe degree, quantity, nature, and extent of interest that a person has in real and personal property. Such terms as estate in land, tenement, and hereditaments may also be used to describe an individualís interest in property. When used in connection with probate proceedings, the term encompasses the total property that is owned by a decedent prior to the distribution of that property in accordance with the terms of a will, or when there is no will, by the laws of inheritance in the state of domicile of the decedent. It means, ordinarily, the whole of the property owned by anyone. There are several types of estates that govern interests in real property. They are freehold estates, non freehold estates, concurrent estates, specialty estates, future interests, and incorporeal interests. Is the process of anticipating and arranging for the disposal of an estate. EstoppelsPrevents a person from asserting or doing something contrary to his own previous assertion or act. The removal of a tenant from possession of premises in which he or she resides or has property interest done by a landlord either by reentry upon the premises or though a court action. A generic work for the act of expelling (kick out) someone from real property either by legal action (suit for unlawful detainer), a claim of super (actual) title to the property, or actions, which prevent the tenant from continuing possession (constructive eviction). Most frequently eviction consists of ousting a tenant who has breached the terms of a lease or rental agreement by not paying rent, or a tenant who has stayed after the terms of the lease has expired. EvidenceReferred to as proof, testimony, witness, attestation and is that which tends to prove or disprove something. The available body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid. ExecutorA personal representative, named in a will, who administers an estate. The act of depriving a member of a body politic, corporate, or of a society, of his right of membership therein, by the vote of such a body or society, for some violation of his duties as such or for some offence which render him unworthy of longer remaining a member of the same. Expungement of Criminal RecordIn certain cases the criminal record may be cleared from the police records.
Family Violence PetitionThis is a request for the Court to enter an order for one or the other party to stay away; used in battered, mental battering, stalking, other forms of attacks. FiduciaryA person or institution who manages money or property for another and who must exercise a standard of care imposed by law, such as a final representative or executor of an estate or a trustee. Filing FeesThe fee required for filing various documents. Flat FeeSome attorneys accept a flat fee for their service. Where a legal matter is simple and well-defined, lawyers may charge a flat fee. The attorney can estimate the fee upfront, which allows the client to budget for the expense and not worry about racking up a bill. Examples of flat fee matters include wills, uncontested divorces and simple bankruptcy filings. Make sure you understand exactly what that fee will and will not covered. The flat fee might not include expenses such as filing fees. Food and Drug AdministrationOne of the oldest U.S. Consumer Protection Agencies and protects people from unsafe foods, drugs, medical devices, cosmetics and other potential hazards. It is part of the Department of health and Human Services. More serious crimes in a higher court with more serious consequences. Examples, Robbery, Auto Theft, Bank Robbery, Serious Drug Crimes, Aggravated Assault or Battery, Murder or Molestation, Rape. A court proceeding upon default in a mortgage to vest title in the mortgagee. Franchise LawThe area of law revolving around the right or license that is granted to an individual or group to market a company's good or services in a particular territory under the company's trademark, trade name, or service mark. FraudA false representation of a matter that is intended to deceive another.
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Gaming LawA set of rules or regulations that apply to the gaming or gambling industry. Grand JuryA jury of inquiry whose duty it is to receive complaints and accusations in criminal matters and if appropriate issue a formal indictment. May refer to permanent residency in the United States. GuardianA person appointed by will or by law to assume responsibility for incompetent adults or minor children. GuardianshipUsually in the Probate Court when a child is in need of temporary support and protection. Sometimes a relative will take a child under their "wing" and the parent or parents are either unable or unwilling to provide the support in order to prevent deprivation.
Health Care Power of AttorneyThe appointment of a health care agent to make decisions when the principal becomes unable to make or communicate decisions. Health Law (Health Care Law)Relates to the federal, state and local law, rules, regulations and laws affecting the health care industry. Health and Safety Lawis a body of law that protects the welfare, health and safety of the general public. Hung JuryA jury whose members cannot agree upon a verdict.
Identity TheftTheft or attempted theft of your identity, identity fraud, credit card fraud resulting in monetary loss. Represents the branch of law that specifies the procedural requirements regarding entry into nations and/or foreign jurisdictions. Every nation maintains its own set of regulations regarding the entry of individuals from other countries. ImmunityBeing granted immunity assures someone that he will not face prosecution in return for providing criminal evidence. IncapacityLack of legal ability to act; disability, incompetence; lack of adequate power. IndictmentA written accusation by a grand jury charging a person with a crime. A contact whereby, for specified consideration, one party undertakes to compensate the other for a loss relating to a particular subject as ta result of the occurrence of designated hazards. The normal activities of daily life carry the risk of enormous financial loss. Many persons are willing to pay a small amount for protection against certain risks because that protection provides valuable peace of mind. The term insurance describes any measure taken for protection against risks. When the insurance takes the form of a contract in an insurance policy, it is subject to requirement in statutes, administrative agency regulations, and court decisions. Insurance LawThe body of law surrounding insurance, including insurance policies and claims. Intellectual Property (IP)refers to creations of the mind: inventions, literary and artistic works and symbols, names, images, and designs used in commerce. Internet Law (Cyber Law)is a term that covers all the legal issues related to use of the internet. IntestateThe status of a person who dies without leaving a will.
Joint TenancyA form of legal co-ownership of property.Also known as survivorship. JurisprudenceThe collection of rules imposed by authority. Not fully grown or developed; young. Juvenile Criminal CasesCrimes charged against a minor, usually under the age of seventeen (17). Juvenile DelinquentA person who is under age (usually below 18) who is found to have committed a crime in states which have declared by law that a minor lacks responsibility and thus may not be sentenced as an adult. However, the legislatures of several states have reduced the age of criminal responsibility for serious crimes or repeat offenders to as low as fourteen (14) Juvenile LawAn area of the law that deals with the actions and well-being of persons who are not yet adults.
Labor and Employment LawsDesigned to equalize the bargaining power between employers and employees, prohibiting employers and unions from engaging in specified "unfair labor practices" and establishing an obligation of both parties to engage in good faith collective bargaining. Labor laws mainly deal with the relationships between employers and unions. A lessor of real property; the owner or possessor of an estate in land or a rental property, who, in an exchange for rent, leases it to another individual known as the tenant. LibelTo print (including pictures), writing or broadcasting through radio, television or film, an untruth about another which will do harm to that person. LienAn encumbrance or legal burden upon property. Lis PendensA pending suit. LitigationAn action brought in court to enforce a particular right. The act or process of bring a lawsuit in and of itself; a judicial contest; any dispute. Living TrustA trust set up and in effect during the lifetime of the grantor. The limited liability company is a hybrid legal entity that has both the characteristics of a corporation and of a partnership. An LLC provides its owners with corporate like protection against personal liability. It is, however, usually treated as a non-corporate business organization for tax purposes.
MalfeasanceThe commission of an unlawful act. A type of negligence in, which the professional under a duty to act, fails to follow generally accepted professional standards, and that breach of duty is the proximate cause of injury to a plaintiff who suffers harm. It is committed by a professional or her/his subordinates or agents on behalf of a client or patient that causes damages to the client or patient. Material BreachAny failure of performance that permits the other party to the contract to either compel performance or collect damages because of the breach. Maritime Law (Admiralty Law)That system of law which relates to the affairs of the sea, such as seamen, ships, shipping, navigation and the like. The branch of international law that deals with territorial and international waters or with shipping or with ocean fishery etc. Activities which occur at sea, including on small boats and ships. A negotiation to resolve differences that is conducted by some impartial party. Criminal acts usually including minor violations resulting in an arrest such as Battery, Assault, theft, DUI, possession of small amount of marijuana another offenses. Usually less than 12 months maximum jail time. Mitigation CircumstancesCircumstance or excuses for an offense, given as reasons for reducing the degree of blame. Modification of DecreeA change request to the court to increase or decrease child support, visitation or custody. MotionAn application made to a court or judge, which requests a ruling or order in favor of the applicant. A motor vehicle similar to a bicycle but usually larger and heavier, chiefly for one rider but sometimes having two saddles or an attached sidecar for passengers.
Name ChangeA petition to the Court to have a name changed for adults or minors. Prenuptial AgreementA contract prior to marriage specifically to protect pre-marriage assets of the parties upon dissolution. Process by which a person acquires nationality after birth and becomes entitled to privileges of citizenship. NegligenceFailure to use the same level of care that a reasonable and prudent person would use under similar circumstances. No-contest ClauseLanguage in a will that provides that a person who makes a legal challenge to the will's validity will be disinherited. No Fault ProceedingsA civil case in which parties may resolve their dispute without a formal finding of error or fault. Nolo ContendereLatin term for "I will not contest it." A plea in a criminal case that doesn't require the defendant to admit guilt, but the defendant does not contest the facts on which the charge is based. Non Compos MentisNot of sound mind or insane. NonfeasanceNonperformance of that which should be performed;omission to perform a required duty.
OrdinanceA rule established by authority.
PardonAn act of grace from governing power which lessens the punishment and restores rights and privileges that had been given up on account of the offense. ParoleSupervised release of a prisoner from imprisonment on certain prescribed conditions that entitle him to end his sentence. An association of two or more persons engaged in a business enterprise in which the profits and losses are shared proportionally. PerjuryThe criminal offense of making a false statement under oath. Personal Injury (PI)Falls under Tort Law. Personal injury involves civil law cases where you are trying to obtain compensation for an injury you sustained to your person. Personal RecognizancePlaintiffA person who brings a case against another in a court of law. PleaThe first pleading by a criminal defendant, in open court that he or she is guilty or not guilty. Plea BargainingProcess where the accused and the prosecutor in a criminal case work out a satisfactory closing of a case, usually by the accused agreeing to plead guilty to a lesser charge. They are not binding in court. PleadingAsking the court to grant relief.The formal presentation of claims and defenses by parties to a lawsuit. The specific papers by which the allegations of parties to a lawsuit are presented in proper form; specifically the complaint of a plaintiff and the answer of a defendant plus any additional responses to those papers that are authorized by law. Different systems of pleading have been organized generally to serve four functions: (1) to give notice of the claim or defense; (2) to reveal the facts of the case; (3) to formulate the issues that have to be resolved; and (4) to screen the flow of cases into a particular court. Postnuptial AgreementA written contract executed after a couple gets married or have entered a civil union. PortalA category of Law on this website. Post Decree EnforcementEnforcement of Court Orders resulting from a divorce. Power of AttorneyA formal instrument authorizing another to act as one's agent or attorney. Prenuptial AgreementA contract entered into prior to marriage, civil union or any other agreement prior to the main agreement by the people intending to marry or contract with each other. Pro SeFor himself; in his own behalf. one who does not retain a lawyer and appears for himself in court. Probable CauseApparent facts discovered through logical inquiry that would lead a reasonably intelligent and prudent person to believe that an accused person has committed a crime, thereby warranting his or her prosecution, or that a cause of action has accrued, justifying a a civil lawsuit. Court proceeding by which a will is proved valid or invalid. ProbationAn alternative to imprisonment allowing a person found guilty of an offense to stay in the community, usually under conditions and under the supervision of a probation officer. A violation of probation can lead to its revocation and to imprisonment. Legal responsibility of manufacturers and sellers to buyers, users, and bystanders for damages or injuries caused because of defects in goods. PromiseeAn individual to whom the promise is made. PromisorAn individual who makes a promise. Damage to or the destruction of public or private property, caused either by a person who is not its owner or natural phenomena. Property TaxA Tax levied on land and buildings (real estate) and on personal property. ProsecutorA trial lawyer representing the government in a criminal case and the interests of the state in civil matters. In criminal cases, the prosecutor has the responsibility of deciding who and when to prosecute. Punitive DamagesMoney award given to punish the defendant or wrongdoer.
Quid Pro QuoSomething for something; giving one valuable thing for another. Quiet Title ActionA court proceeding to remove a cloud on the title to real property. Quitclaim DeedA deed without warranty of title that passes whatever title the grantor has to another.
Land, buildings, and things permanently attached to land and buildings. Also called realty and real property. Real estate is the modern term for land and anything that is permanently affixed to it. Fixtures include buildings fences, and things attached to building, such as plumbing, heating and light fixtures. Property that is not affixed is regarded as Personal property. RecuseThe process by which a judge is disqualified from hearing a case, on his or her own motion or upon the objection of either party. RedressTo set right; to remedy; to compensate; to remove the causes of a grievance. ReplevinAn action for the recovery of a possession that has been wrongfully taken. RescissionThe undoing of a contract. RestitutionAct of restoring anything to its rightful owner such as the economic position he enjoyed before he suffered a loss. Restoration of Driving PrivilegesWhen a driver's license has been suspended or is near suspension. RetainTo engage the services of a lawyer to manage a cause. A fee is usually given to him at that time and is called a retaining fee or retainer. The act by which the attorney is authorized to act in the case is called a retainer. Depending on the laws and rules of particular jurisdictions, it is not indispensable that the retainer be in writing, unless required by the other side but it is expedient. It is recommended, particularly when the client is a stranger, to require a written retainer, signed by himself; and, in order to avoid the insinuation that it was obtained by contrivance. It should be witnessed by one or more respectable persons. With several plaintiffs, it should be signed by all and not by one for himself and the others, especially if they are trustees or assignees of a bankrupt or insolvent. The retainer should also state whether it be given for a general or a qualified authority. There is an implied contract on the part of an attorney who has been retained, that he will use due diligence in the course of legal proceedings. RetainerThe fee that the client pays when he or she retains the attorney to act for them. RevokeTo cancel or nullify a legal document.
SealTo mark a document with a seal. Search WarrantsA written order issued by a urge that directs a law enforcement officer to search a specific area for a particular piece of evidence. Secured DebtsIn bankruptcy, a debt is secured if the debtor gave the creditor a right to repossess the property or goods used as collateral. Self DefenseThe claim that an act otherwise criminal was legally justifiable because was necessary to protect a person or property from the threat or action of another. SentenceThe punishment ordered by a court for a defendant convicted of a crime. Separation AgreementAgreement for the disposal of property, finances, child support and custody. Service of ProcessThe delivering of writs, summonses, and subpoenas to the party named in the document. SettlementAn agreement between the parties in a lawsuit. SlanderSpoken defamation that tends to injure a person's reputation. The definition of disability under Social Security is different than other programs. Social Security pays only for total disability. No benefits are payable for partial disability or for short-term disability. ìDisabilityî under Social Security is based on your inability to work. Special Interest LawyerIt means they specialize in just a special interest such as: car accidents, welfare benefits, etc. Statute of LimitationsA law that limits the right of a plaintiff to file an action unless it is done within a specified time period after the occurrence. Statutory LawIt is the written law established by enactments expressing the will of the legislature, as distinguished from the unwritten law or common law. StayA court order stopping a judicial proceeding. StipulationAn agreement between parties involved in a lawsuit regulating matters incidental to trial. SummonsInstrument used to begin a civil action.
Tax ProblemsUsually handled by a tax specialist; if it is more simple then a general practice attorney can assist in an audit. Temporary Restraining OrderAn emergency remedy of brief duration issued by a court in exceptional circumstances, usually when immediate or irreparable harm or loss might result before legal action is taken. An individual who occupies or possesses land or premises by way of a grant of an estate or some type, such as in the fee, for life, for years or at will.A person who has the right to temporary use and possession of particular real property, which has been conveyed to that person by a landlord. TestimonyThe evidence given by a witness under oath. TitleLegal ownership of property, usually real property or automobiles. TortA civil wrong recognized by law as grounds for a lawsuit. Torts fall into three general categories: intentional torts (e.g., intentionally hitting a person); negligent torts (causing an accident by failing to obey the traffic rules); and strict liability torts (e.g., liability for making and selling defective products). TrademarkA word, name, symbol, or devise used by a manufacturer to distinguish his goods form those sold by others. A legal device used to manage real or personal property, established by one person for the benefit of another. Violations of traffic laws such as speeding, traffic light, stop sign, following to close and similar types of violations usually in a lower court or city or county court.
VacateTo set aside. VenueAuthority of a court to hear a matter based on geographical location. VerdictA conclusion, as to fact or law that forms the basis for the court's judgement. VoidableCapable of being declared invalid; a voidable contract is one where a person may avoid his obligation, as a contract between an adult and a minor.
WaiverIntentionally given up right. Waiver of LienIt is a release of a claim of a lien. Such waivers are governed primarily by state laws, which vary by state. A written order issued by a judicial officer or other authorized person commanding a law enforcement officer to perform some act incident to the administration of justice. Warrants are recognized in many different forms and for a variety of purposes in the law. Most commonly, police use warrants as the basis to arrest a suspect and to conduct a search of property for evidence of a crime. Warrants are also used to bring persons to court who ignored a subpoena or a court appearance. In another context, warrants may be issued to collect taxes or to pay out money. Warranty DeedA deed which guarantees that the title conveyed is good and its transfer rightful. A legal declaration that disposes of a person's property when that person dies. A system whereby an employer must pay, or provide insurance to pay, the lost wages and medical expenses of an employee who is injured on the job.
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